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Instead, they went with Solution 2. The resulting currency, called bitcoin cash, increased the blocksize to 8 Mb in order to accelerate the verification process to permit a performance of around 2 million transactions per day. In the time of writing, Bitcoin Cash is valued at $545.00 to Bitcoins $6,328.11.

When you hear about bitcoin mining, you envisage coins being dug from the ground. However, bitcoin isnt physical, so why do we call it mining

Because its similar to gold mining in that the bitcoins exist in the protocols design (like the gold is underground), but they havent been introduced into the light yet (like the gold hasnt been dug up). The bitcoin protocol stipulates that 21 million bitcoins will exist at some point.

They get to do this as a reward for creating cubes of confirmed transactions and including them in the blockchain.

Backtracking a bit, lets discuss nodes. A node is a powerful computer which runs the bitcoin software and assists to keep bitcoin running by participating in the relay of information. Anyone can run a node, you simply download the bitcoin software (free) and leave a certain port open (the downside is the fact that it consumes energy and storage space the network at time of writing takes up about 145GB).

One node will send information to a few nodes which it knows, who will relay the information to nodes that they know, etc.. This way it ends up getting around the entire network pretty fast. .

Some nodes are mining nodes (usually referred to as miners). These set outstanding transactions into cubes and add them into the blockchain. How can they do so by solving a complex mathematical mystery that is part of this bitcoin app, and including the answer in the block. The puzzle that needs solving is to find a number which, when combined with all the information in the block and passed through a hash function, produces a result that's within a certain range.

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(For trivia lovers, this number is this known as a nonce, which is a concatenation of number employed once. In the instance of bitcoin, the nonce is an integer between 0 and 4,294,967,296.)

How do they find this number By guessing at random. The hash function which makes it impossible to predict exactly what the outcome will be. So, miners suppose the mystery number and apply the hash function to the combination of that guessed number and also the data in the block. The resulting hash must start with a pre-established number of zeroes.

Whats more, there may be several nonces that make the desired result, or there might be none (in which case the miners keep trying, but using a different block configuration). .

The first miner to get a resulting hash within the desired range announces its success to the rest of the network. The rest of the miners immediately stop work on that block and start trying to find out the puzzle number for the next one. As a reward for the own work, the victorious miner gets some new bitcoin. .

In the time of writing, the Home Page payoff is 12.5 bitcoins, which at time of writing will be worth nearly $200,000.

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Although its not nearly as cushy a bargain as it sounds. There are a whole lot of mining nodes competing for that benefit, and it is a question of luck and computing power (the further guessing calculations you can perform, the luckier you're ).

Also, the costs of being a mining node are considerable, not only due to the powerful hardware needed (in case you have a faster processor than your opponents, you've got a better chance of finding the correct number before they perform ), but also because of the large amounts of power that running these processors consumes. .

And, the number of all bitcoins awarded as a reward for solving the mystery will decrease. Its 12.5 now, but it pits each four decades or so (the next one is expected in 2020-21). The value of bitcoin relative to price of electricity and hardware could extend up over the next few years to partly compensate this reduction, but its not certain. .

The difficulty of this calculation (the required number of zeroes at the beginning of the hash string) is corrected frequently, so that it requires on average about 10 minutes to process a block.

Why 10 minutes that's the amount of time that the bitcoin programmers think is necessary to get a steady and diminishing flow of new coins until the highest number of 21 million is attained (expected some time in 2140).

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